Cigarette / Smoking References

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Blondal T, Gudmundsson LJ, et al. Nicotine nasal spray with nicotine patch for smoking cessation: randomised trial with six year follow up. BMJ 1999; 318: 764
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British Thoraic Society, Comparision of four methods of smoking withdrawal in patients with smoking related diseases. Report by subcommittee of the Reseach Committee of the British Thoraic Society, MBJ 286 595-597, 1983
Daughton DM, Heatley SA, et al. Effect of transdermal nicotine delivery as an adjunct to low-intervention smoking cessation therapy. Arch Intern Med 1991; 151: 749-752
Fagerstrom et al, Medical Management of tobacco dependence: a critical review of nicotine skin patch. Curr Pulmonology 1995: 16, 223-228
Fagerstrom KO, Efficacy of nicotine chewing gum: A review. In Pomerleau & Pomerleau (Eds) Nicotine Replacement. A critical evaluation; progress in clinical and biological research, 261: pp. 109-128. Alan R Liuss Inc, New York, 1988
Gourlay SG, Forbes A et al, Double blind trial of repeated treatment with transdermal nicotine for relapsed smokers BMJ 1995; 311: 363-366
Hall SM, Tunstall Cs et al, Nicotine gum and beheavioural treatment: a placebo controlled trial, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55: 603-604, 1987
Haxby DG. Treatment of nicotine dependence. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 1995; 52: 265-281
Hjalmarson A, Franzon M, et al. Effect of nicotine nasal spray on smoking cessation Arch Intern Med 1994; 154: 2567-2572
Hjalmarson A, Nilsson F, et al. The nicotine inhaler in smoking cessation. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1721-1728
Hjalmarson AIM, Effect of nicotine chewing gum in smoking cessation. A randomised placebo controlled double-blind study. Journal of the America Medical Association 252,: 2835-2838, 1984
Hurt RD, Scahes DPL et al, A comparison of sustained release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation, N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1195-202
Jorenby DE, Leischow SJ et al, A controlled trial of sustained-release bupropion, a nicotine patch, or both for smoking cessation, N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 685-91
Koritzer M, Kittel F, et al, A double-blind study of 2mg versus 4mg nicotine gum in an industrial setting, Journal of Psychosomatic Research 31: 171-176, 1987.
Lam et al, Meta Analysis of randomised controlled clinical trials of nicotine chewing gum, Lancet 2, 27-30, 1987.
Ling Tang J, Law M, Wald N. How effective is nicotine replacement therapy in helping people to stop smoking? BMJ 1994; 308: 21-26
Paoletti et al, (CEASE- Collaborative European Anti-Smoking Evaulation); a challenging multicentre trail organised by the European Respiratory Society, Eur Resp J 1993; 6: 719-21.
Silagy C, Mant D, et al. Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation (Cochrane review). In: The Cochrane Library Issue 2. Oxford, Update Software, 1998, Updated quarterly.
Stapleton J. Commentary: Progress on nicotine replacement therapy for smokers. BMJ 1999; 318: 289
Stapleton JA, Russell MAH, et al. Dose effects and predictors of outcome in a randomised trial of transdermal nicotine patches in general practice. Addiction 1995; 90: 31-42
Stapleton JA, Sutherland G et al, How much does relapse after one year erode effectiveness of smoking cessation treatments? Long term follow up of randomised trial of nicotine nasal spray. BMJ 1998; 316: 830-831
Summary of Product Characteristics for Nicorette Gum, Nicorette Microtabs, Nicorette Nasal Spray, Nicorette Inhaler, Nicorette Patches, Nicotinell Gum, Nicotinell Lozenges and Nicotinell Patches, NiQuintin CQ Patches, Zyban.
Sutherland G, Stapleton JA, et al. Randomised controlled trial of nasal nicotine spray in smok-ing cessation. Lancet 1992; 340: 324-329
Tang et al, How effective is Nicotine Replacement therapy in helping people to stop smoking? BMJ 1994: 308: 21-6.
Tang JL, Law M et al, How effective is nicotine replacement therapy in helping people to stop smoking?, BMJ 1994; 308: 21-26.
Tonnesen P, Norregaard J, et al. A double-blind trial of a nicotine inhaler for smoking cessation. JAMA 1993; 269: 1268-1271
World Self Medication Industry Taskforce on Tobacco Dependence, Safety of Nicotine Replacement Therapy.